Some possible sources for the name "Salem" include William H. When the institute was dissolved, the trustees decided to lay out a town site on the Institute lands. When the Oregon Institute was established, the community became known as the institute. When the Methodist Mission moved to the area, they called the new establishment Chemeketa although it was more widely known as the Mill, because of its situation on Mill Creek. The Native Americans who inhabited the central Willamette Valley at first European contact, the Kalapuya, called the area Chim-i-ki-ti, which means "meeting or resting place" in the Central Kalapuya language (Santiam).
Major roads include Interstate 5, Oregon Route 99E, and Oregon Route 22, which connects West Salem across the Willamette River via the Marion Street and Center Street bridges. Transportation includes public transit from Cherriots (legally known as Salem Area Mass Transit District), Amtrak service, and non-commercial air travel at McNary Field. The State of Oregon is the largest public employer in the city, and Salem Health is the largest private employer. The city is home to Willamette University, Corban University, and Chemeketa Community College. This area is, in turn, part of the Portland-Vancouver-Salem Combined Statistical Area. Salem is the principal city of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area, a metropolitan area that covers Marion and Polk counties and had a combined population of 433,353 at the 2020 census. Salem had a population of 175,535 at the 2020 census, making it the third-largest city in the state after Portland and Eugene. Salem was founded in 1842, became the capital of the Oregon Territory in 1851, and was incorporated in 1857. The river forms the boundary between Marion and Polk counties, and the city neighborhood of West Salem is in Polk County. It is located in the center of the Willamette Valley alongside the Willamette River, which runs north through the city. state of Oregon, and the county seat of Marion County. Salem ( / ˈ s eɪ l ə m/ SAY-ləm) is the capital of the U.S.
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